Tuesday, April 24, 2018

Fewer Deportations in Cities That Adopted “Welcoming” Policies




A Year Later, Fewer Deportations in Cities That Adopted “Welcoming” Policies

Where local governments collaborate with ICE, deportations have increased more than 75 percent. New Mexico shows a different way.




A year after the Santa Fe City Council adopted in February 2017 a resolution strengthening its welcoming and non-discrimination policies toward immigrants, the federal government launched a series of audits demanding verification from local small businesses that their employees were eligible to work in the country. In response to this blitz, advocates and city officials held a press conference in early March calling out an attempt to disrupt business, wreak havoc, and create a culture of fear and panic.
“Today, children will wake up at home wondering if there will be a knock on their door; parents will go to work wondering if there will be a knock at the door of their place of employment; families will wonder if they’ll have one more meal together,” said then-Mayor Javier Gonzales, who, following President Trump’s election, became an outspoken proponent of cities enacting sanctuary and non-discrimination policies. “That is not what our country has ever been about, but it is what this administration is trying to do by dividing our communities. All of us in our community know that one of the best values Santa Fe incorporates every day is the value of welcoming people.”
And that value of welcoming is not just compassionate talk. There is proof that sanctuary policies are working, keeping residents safer than in places that collaborate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement tactics.
According to a new study from Pew Research Center, nationwide deportations made by ICE in 2017 increased 30 percent from the previous year. But these increases are not distributed evenly. In regions where city and state governments worked hand in hand with ICE, deportations have increased more than 75 percent. In regions where sanctuary policies are more prevalent, increases have remained relatively low.
Along with California, New Mexico has emerged as one of the most welcoming states for undocumented immigrants. And it’s not just the capital, Santa Fe. Across the state, immigrant rights groups and faith communities are working alongside local governments in innovative ways to resist the Trump administration’s deportation efforts. Not only have these efforts succeeded, but they have provided a blueprint for other towns, cities, and states to emulate.

Republicans Make Repeal of Sanctuary a Major Campaign Effort


Remember Proposition 187 ?

John Cox is a businessman and a Republican with a shot, after the June primary, of being one of the two candidates on the November ballot for governor. California Today has been doing occasional question-and-answer sessions with candidates for office. 
This interview, with Mr. Cox, was edited and condensed for clarity. 
Q: How does a Republican win an election in a state like this? 
A: The biggest issue is the sanctuary state. The politicians seem to be favoring criminals over law-abiding citizens. The politicians are ignoring the rule of law in favor of political expediency. The other big issue is the tax burden — the gas tax in particular. They enacted this tax increase using a lot of political games to get it accomplished. 
Q: Does the Republican Party need to expand its appeal to become more competitive here? 

Monday, April 16, 2018

When ICE Arrests Parents

ICE GUIDANCE FOR PARENT ARRESTS: U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement posted online Friday an updated policy on what to do when the parents of minor children are arrested and detained. ICE made public the August 2017 directive, which supersedes Obama administration guidance from four years earlier, after Morning Shift obtained a copy and queried ICE about it.
The 2013 Obama guidance said ICE should ensure its enforcement activities "do not unnecessarily disrupt" parental custody of minor children. The new guidance tells officers merely to "remain cognizant" of the effect their enforcement actions might have on children; in keeping with the Trump administration's less forgiving view of deportations, the guidance does not demand prosecutorial discretion. Michelle Brané, director of the migrant rights and justice program at the Women's Refugee Commission, said the change "will no doubt result in broad separation of families." The new directive does maintain a few features of the Obama-era policy: ICE officials must make arrangements for detained immigrants to participate in child custody hearings, and children must be permitted to visit parents in detention. In addition, absent signs of abuse or neglect, officers must allow parents to make arrangements for their children at the time of arrest. "We hope these are implemented and help at least keep children safe when a parent is detained," Brané said.
During a House Appropriations subcommittee hearing Thursday, Rep. Lucille Roybal-Allard (D-Calif.) questioned Matthew Albence, an ICE associate director, about the changes . The directive, Albence said, required an overhaul to align with President Donald Trump's January 2017 executive orders on border security and interior immigration enforcement. Read the new 2017 policy here and the 2013 directive it replaced here.

Friday, April 13, 2018

Farmworkers March to Oppose Immigration Raids

SALINAS FARM WORKERS MARCH TO OPPOSE IMMIGRATION RAIDS
Story and photos by David Bacon
Capital and Main - 4/13/18
https://capitalandmain.com/


For a complete set of images, click here

 In Salinas, California, on Sunday, over a thousand farm workers and allies filled the streets of its working-class barrio to protest the Trump administration's immigration policies, including an increase in immigration raids that, according to United Farm Workers President Arturo Rodriguez, are "striking terror in rural communities across California and the nation." It was one of six marches taking place this month in agricultural communities around California, Texas, and Washington state. 

Highlighting the cost of the immigration crackdown was the deaths last month in Delano of husband and wife Santos Hilario Garcia and Marcelina Garcia Porfecto. On March 13, the couple, both farm workers, had just dropped off their daughter at school on their way to work when two black unmarked Jeeps with tinted windows, driven by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents, stopped them. The couple drove off, but lost control of their car, hit a utility pole and flipped over, killing them both. They leave six children behind.

According to a police report obtained by the Los Angeles Times, immigration agents told police that they were not in "pursuit with emergency lights/sirens," but that surveillance footage appears to show the ICE vehicles following the couple with emergency lights flashing. The Delano Police Department have asked Kern County prosecutors to investigate the discrepancies in the immigration agents' accounts of the incident. On Monday, ICE spokesperson Richard Rocha sought to divert blame in a statement to the Times that sanctuary policies, "have pushed ICE out of jails," and "force our officers to conduct more enforcement in the community - which poses increased risks for law enforcement and the public ... It also increases the likelihood that ICE will encounter other illegal aliens who previously weren't on our radar." 

Wednesday, April 11, 2018

Brown Agrees to Send National Guard to the Border

California Gov. Jerry Brown has agreed to President Donald Trump's request to put additional National Guard troops on the borderwith Mexico, though he will limit their involvement with immigration enforcement efforts.
Brown, the fourth-term Democrat, announced Wednesday that he would accept federal funding to add 400 California National Guard members to statewide operations on drug smuggling , human trafficking and other organized crime through Sept. 30.
"But let’s be crystal clear on the scope of this mission," Brown wrote in a letter to U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen and Defense Secretary James Mattis. "This will not be a mission to build a new wall. It will not be a mission to round up women and children or detain people escaping violence and seeking a better life. And the California National Guard will not be enforcing federal immigration laws."
Trump last week asked the governors of four southwestern states to deploy the National Guard as part of a plan to secure the U.S.-Mexico border against gang activity and illegal immigration. He later told reporters that he wanted up to 4,000 troops on the border, "until such time as we get the wall."

Friday, April 06, 2018

No National Guard to the Border


Illegal border crossings in the US are at their lowest levels since 1971. We must keep our country safe, but border patrol agents are more than prepared for the ebb and flow of border crossings.
So why is Trump requesting that National Guard units be sent to the border while he waits for his racist sham of a wall to be built? 

The same reason his Justice Department is suing California over legislation we passed to protect immigrants: to use racism and xenophobia to divide us, incite fears, and stoke tensions with Mexico.  

Here's how we fight back: Pooling our collective voices and power together, demanding accountability, and demanding that states across the country rise to the challenge. 

Your voices can help provide the support states need to reject Trump's request, and keep their National Guard units at the ready for real threats, not Trump's political ploys.

Add your name today to tell Trump that we won't stand for a militarized border with Mexico >>

Duane, all my life, as a kid growing up in poverty in a border town, as a community organizer, and as a legislator, I've seen first-hand the the contributions of the undocumented community to California’s culture and economy.

I know that tearing families apart is bad for business, not just our global image.

And I know that militarizing our border with Mexico is the act of a desperate president, eager to appease his extreme right-wing base at any cost to our nation.

California needs a leader in the Senate to take these fights head on and win. Nothing less than the future of our state and country is at stake. That's why I'm running.

Please take action now and send a message that a militarized border is unacceptable.

We'll defeat this together,
Kevin 




OPPOSE the National Guard at the Border

We oppose further militarization of border enforcement operations and infrastructure, including Trump's recent call to send National Guard troops to the border. We similarly opposed National Guard deployments under presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama. Those troops provided supportive services that freed up more Border Patrol personnel to engage in direct immigration enforcement activities. The National Guard presence would contribute to the militarized environment of the border region and put border crossers and community members at greater risk of harassment and rights violations.
As we've seen in the past, these kinds of pronouncements about "imminent dangers" of "invasions" can also lead to an escalation of vigilantism and hate activity in the border region against anyone who "looks foreign".
Click here to join an Open Letter to the President and to border state governors opposing the deployment of the National Guard to the border.
Trump has manufactured this sense of urgency in response to news of the caravan of Central American men, women and children, traveling through Mexico to escape violence in their region (the eighth annual caravan, usually undertaken during Easter week). Border crossings by people without documents have declined over several years; the majority of border crossers are from countries other than Mexico, and are likely to be asylum seekers.  
The President's proposal and inflammatory statements expose his ignorance and/or complete disregard of U.S. and international obligations and commitments to refugees and asylum seekers. And his off-the-cuff rhetoric is indicative of his disdain for human rights at international borders. He is shamelessly acting out of contempt and disregard of the desperate conditions that have forced millions of adults and children, including unaccompanied minors, to leave their homes in search of safety and survival. His Easter weekend tweet about "enemy combatants pouring over our borders" is more demagoguery to stir fear and racial hostility among his base, give evidence to his campaign promise to close down immigration, and fuel further division in this country.

For decades, our members, partners and allies in border communities have consistently raised their voices against increased militarization, for its destructive effects on border communities and the environment, and have worked to provide humanitarian assistance -- a basic human response -- to help save the lives of desperate border crossers. This costly and heightened militarized presence can only worsen the problems of lack of border agency accountability and the mistreatment of border communities.
All people at borders should be treated with dignity and respect and provided with the ability to register their claims.
Thank you!

Wednesday, April 04, 2018

Unstable Trump Creates Another "Crisis" on the Border

By Duane Campbell
President Donald Trump announced on April 3, 2018 that he'll deploy troops to the U.S.-Mexico border pending completion of a border wall and implementation of stricter security measures. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/02/world/americas/caravans-migrants-mexico-trump.html
As we explained in 2017, the Trump administration is being reckless and poorly informed in matters of foreign policy and immigration issues. To resist we need to know several things about Mexico and migration.  Building Trump’s wall and trying to make Mexico pay for the wall built on U.S. land was a belligerent act championed in the Trump campaign.   This poorly informed effort ignores many of the realities of the U.S.-Mexico relationship.  Mexico provides the primary security against migration to the U.S. on our southern border.  Mexican police and military restrict migration and turn thousands of would-be migrants back each year. 
These poorly informed decisions are the kind we get since when we have President who  listens to Fox News rather than to rely upon persons who know the region and the issues.
The Mexican army and police also provide the primary obstacle to migrants from Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala from reaching the U.S. border.  The U.S. pays the Mexican forces to do this enforcement.  Given Trump’s provocative statements and acts, they could simply stop serving as a border security force for the U.S. The end of bi-national police cooperation would massively increase immigration and severely reduce efforts to restrict drug cartels from moving drugs into the U.S.  Update
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/04/world/americas/mexico-trump-caravan.html

Monday, April 02, 2018

Trump v Pueblos Sin Fronteras

TRUMP TAKES DACA OFF TABLE: President Donald Trump repudiated legislative deals to protect Dreamers from deportation in a tweet Sunday morning. The president urged Congress to end the legislative filibuster in order to crack down on immigration. "Republicans must go to Nuclear Option to pass tough laws NOW. NO MORE DACA DEAL!" he wrote. In the same tweet, Trump warned of "caravans" of people headed to the border. "It was unclear whether the president's tweets represented any change in his immigration policy," wrote Katie Rogers in the New York Times, "or were just the sort of venting he is known to do after reading a newspaper article or seeing a television program." That was Rogers' polite way of saying that Trump almost certainly was just venting. 
Trump's "caravans" are actually one (fairly large) caravan of about 1000 people travelling north. "Hundreds of Central Americans - children, women, and men, most of them from Honduras - have boldly crossed immigration checkpoints, military bases, and police in a desperate, sometimes chaotic march toward the United States," Adolfo Flores reported Friday for BuzzFeed News. "Despite their being in Mexico without authorization, no one has made any effort to stop them. Organized by a group of volunteers called Pueblos Sin Fronteras, or People Without Borders, the caravan is intended to help migrants safely reach the United States, bypassing not only authorities who would seek to deport them, but gangs and cartels who are known to assault vulnerable migrants."
"When they get to the U.S., they hope American authorities will grant them asylum or, for some, be absent when they attempt to cross the border illegally," Flores writes. "More likely is that it will set up an enormous challenge to the Trump administration's immigration policies and its ability to deal with an organized group of migrants numbering in the hundreds. The number of people who showed up to travel with the caravan caught organizers by surprise, and has overwhelmed the various towns they've stopped in to spend the night." More here

Friday, March 30, 2018

Cesar Chavez Dolores Huerta, the UFW, and Strategic Racism.


Cesar Chavez & Duane Campbell. 1972
Once social change begins, it cannot be reversed.  You cannot un-educate the person who has learned to read.  You cannot humiliate the person who feels pride. You cannot oppress the people who are not afraid anymore.  Cesar Chávez.  November 9, 1984.

On March 31, 2018,  Eleven  states  and numerous cities will hold holidays celebrating  labor and Latino Leader Cesar Chavez. Conferences, marches and celebrations will occur in numerous cities this weekend and particularly in rural farm areas  of the nation.  A recent film Cesar Chavez: An American Hero, starring Michael Peña  as Cesar Chavez and Rosario Dawson  as Dolores Huerta presents important parts of this story.
Meanwhile,  in March of 2015  hundreds of farmworkers have walked off their jobs in Baja California, Mexico, from the agricultural fields just a few miles from the U.S. border , fields developed to provide a harvest to the U.S. markets.  Farm labor strikes and violence against strikers remains a volatile issue.  Farm workers deserve dignity, respect, and fair wages.  Achieving these goals will require a union.

The  current UFW leadership, as well as former UFW leaders  and former DSA Honorary Chairs  Eliseo Medina and Dolores Huerta  are recognized leaders in the ongoing efforts to achieve comprehensive immigration reform in the nation.
 On immigration, UFW President Arturo Rodriquez says, “We urge Republicans to abandon their political games that hurt millions of hard-working, taxpaying immigrants and their families, and help us finish the job by passing legislation such as the comprehensive reform bill that was approved by the Senate on a bipartisan vote in June 2013,” Rodriguez said.  Similar compromise proposals, negotiated by the UFW and the nation's major agricultural employer associations, have passed the U.S. Senate multiple times over the last decade. The same proposal has won majority support in the House of Representatives, even though House GOP leaders have refused to permit a vote on the measure. “The UFW will not rest until the President's deferred relief is enacted and a permanent immigration reform, including a path to citizenship for all 11 million undocumented immigrants, is signed into law.”  www.UFW.org

Wednesday, March 28, 2018

ICE Uses Facebook

Excellent film about Dolores last night on PBS.


ICE, the federal agency tasked with Trump’s program of mass deportation, uses backend Facebook data to locate and track immigrants that it is working to round up, according to a string of emails and documentsobtained by The Intercept through a public records request. The hunt for one particular immigrant in New Mexico provides a rare window into how ICE agents use social media and powerful data analytics tools to find suspects.”

https://theintercept.com/2018/03/26/facebook-data-ice-immigration/

BUILD THE WALL WITH 'M'?: President Donald Trump is serious about the idea that the military could build a wall on the U.S.-Mexico border, the Washington Post's Josh Dawsey and Mike DeBonis report. Trump is "privately pushing" for the armed forces to foot the bill for the project, which the White House has estimated could cost $25 billion. News of the internal machinations follows a Trump tweet Sunday that said the wall is "all about National Defense" and should be built "through M." The Post (citing two advisers) confirmed that "M" stands for "military."

Saturday, March 24, 2018

Dolores






































Live boldly,   KVIE. Channel 6.  March 27,  9 PM, and other public television stations., 

by Duane Campbell
There is an important new film out – Dolores, the story of former DSA Honorary Chair Dolores Huerta and her fight for justice. (All DSA honorary chairs were eliminated by the 2017 DSA convention.) She is the woman holding the Huelga sign on the DSA landing page. If you want to be inspired by her struggle for social justice, go see the film. 
Although at times ignored by the Anglo media, and at other times castigated as a red and an “outside agitator,” Huerta tirelessly led the fight for racial and labor justice alongside Cesar Chavez, becoming one of the most important feminists of the twentieth century. If you don’t know her story, you should ask yourself why.  She continues the fight on many fronts to this day, at age 87. With unprecedented access to Dolores, the film reveals important parts of the struggle for dignity and justice for farmworkers, as well as the raw, personal stakes involved in committing one’s life to social change. 
Dolores, produced by PBS and Independent Lens, serves labor history well by accurately describing the often overlooked role of Filipinos who initiated a strike in Delano in 1965, which the nascent NFWA (National Farm Workers Association) joined to create the great Grape Strike that changed labor history in the Southwest.

Monday, March 12, 2018

Trump's Border Wall is Stupid and Dangerous


The Wall (or Fence)

Yes, the U.S. can build a wall or fencing on the U.S. side of the border, except for that portion of the border that is on the Tohono O’odhom reservation in Arizona.   But the wall will be an expensive failure.  

Donald Trump plans to build a border wall at a cost of at least $16,000,000,000, more likely $25 billion. 
Rather than building a wall that will not work, we could build 375 schools in the U.S., or 93 average size hospitals. 
For every 10 miles of wall built, we could have 30 schools.  For every 50 miles, we could have 4-5 hospitals.



The Border Community is 2,000 miles long, expanding from California to the Gulf of Mexico. It includes uninhabited desert, small and large cities, and el Rio Grande. 
·      The US considers Border Territory anything 100 miles from ports of entry. This includes the Southern and Northern Borders as well as all coasts, meaning that about  2/3 of the entire US population live within Border Territory.
·      About 200 million people live within the 100-mile zone; including 11 states that lie almost entirely within the zone and 9 of the 10 largest cities in the country: New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, Phoenix, San Antonio, San Diego and San Jose.

Border Enforcement
·      The United States spends billions of dollars a year on border enforcement under the narrative of ‘national security’, which is primarily spent on the Southern Border.
·      Customs and Border Patrol is the largest federal law enforcement agency in the country. Today there are about 22,000 Border Patrol agents, 18,000 of them stationed on the Southern Border. 
·      CBP has full authority to operate anywhere within the 100-mile zone, including stopping and searching vehicles and persons on reasonable suspicion, regardless of legal status. 
·      The Department of Justice exempted Border Patrol from its most recent orders to local and federal police against racial profiling.
·      The budget for border enforcement increased by 75% in the last decade, to add up to 13.5 billion dollars per year. This is more than the DEA, FBI, and Secret Service budgets combined. 
·      Internal Border Patrol immigration checkpoints exist all throughout the 100-mile zone, way beyond Ports of Entry. In New Mexico, these checkpoints are located well beyond urban locations, forcing all undocumented immigrants to remain within the region. 
·      The current wall covers about 650 miles along the border and has already cost the US $7 billion, that’s about $5 million per mile in some areas.

Saturday, March 10, 2018

Donald Trump's Deportation Machine

Please go to the newsstands later this month or click on http://time.com/longform/donald-trump-immigration-policy-splitting-families to read a TIME Magazine cover story: "No one is safe. How Trump's immigration policy is splitting families apart.”
The farm worker movement helped put TIME Magazine in contact with the family featured in this story, a hard working farm worker family with three American-born children whose father, Alejandro, was ripped apart from them. The father had no criminal record -- not even a speeding ticket. The mother, Maria, is alone in the country hoping the same horrifying situation does not happen to her. As a member of the UFW Foundation, Maria has learned about her rights and is empowered to tell her story.
We wanted to share Maria and Alejandro’s heartbreaking story with you as an example of the realities we see way too often in farm worker communities. Stories like this are why we continue to do everything we can to protect farm workers and immigrants who contribute so much to our economy.
Please read this heartbreaking article. This is affecting not only the adults, but their children. Kids are being taught at a very young age what it is they need to do if mom and dad don’t come home. I will be reaching out to you again, in hopes that you will continue helping us protect these vulnerable members of our communities and their families. 
Thank you for supporting us.

Arturo S. Rodriguez
UFW President

Tuesday, March 06, 2018

Jeff Sessions- ICE Out of Sacramento

ACTION ALERT!


Jeff Sessions Out of Sacramento!


Jeff Sessions, Trump’s hate-mongering Attorney General, is coming to Sacramento to spread his message of xenophobia, and make a “statement” on sanctuary jurisdictions.

Let's show Sessions and his supporters that this message of hate is unacceptable. Show out to protest his visit and show solidarity with migrant communities! Keep Jeff Sessions out of Sacramento and defend sanctuary cities!

DATE: TOMORROW, March 7th, 7:30am
LOCATION: 
Kimpton Sawyer Hotel, 500 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95814
RSVP on Facebook

Chicanos Made History

The East L.A. Walkouts, 50 Years Later
By TIM ARANGO AND MATT STEVENS
Sophie Peterson, 14, from Sylmar, at a rally against gun violence in Los Angeles last month.
Sophie Peterson, 14, from Sylmar, at a rally against gun violence in Los Angeles last month. Richard Vogel/Associated Press 
Good morning.
Fifty years ago this month, amid the tumult of the 1960s, thousands of Chicano students from Los Angeles high schools walked out of class to protest racism and failing schools. 
“I was pretty beat down,” recalled Bobby Verdugo, who was one of the student organizers. “I didn’t think I would amount to much. That’s what teachers were telling me.” 
As Mr. Verdugo, 67, and other veterans of the Chicano walkouts made the rounds of events at schools here recently, to mark the anniversary, students told them about their own intentions to walk out of class next week, in solidarity with student activists across the country who have called for protests for gun control in the aftermath of the shooting in Parkland, Fla.

Monday, March 05, 2018

Putting Trump On Notice About DACA: Fix What You Broke.

DACA Campaign Targets Trump

WASHINGTON — The American Civil Liberties Union, United We Dream, MoveOn.org, and SEIU kicked off a new campaign demanding Donald Trump take action to save 800,000 immigrant youth from deportation. The launch comes on the eve of the arbitrary deadline Trump set for Congress to deliver a solution for the crisis he created when he announced he would end the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program this past fall.

The campaign includes multiple six figure advertising buys focusing on Trump, the man who put immigrant youth in danger. A 30-second video spot speaking to Trump directly will air during Fox & Friends, his favorite show. The ACLU will also be using aggressive digital tactics to reach Republican influencers, honing in on White House and RNC staff. The ads will be featured in D.C. area taxi cabs and in leading outlets such as Axios, Fox News, and Politico. The organization will also provide a feature that allows its two million members to tweet the 30-second ad directly at Trump.

“This campaign is about holding Trump accountable,” said Lorella Praeli, ACLU director of immigration policy and campaigns. “He created this crisis when he ended DACA in September, and he has sabotaged every reasonable legislative solution. We are taking our fight for Dreamers and immigrants’ rights to Trump himself. We will maintain pressure on him and demand that he fix what he broke when he ended DACA six months ago.”

Today’s launch event at the Ellipse, near the White House, featured speakers from the ACLU and UWD as well as impacted immigrant youth. Hundreds of attendees got a first look at the 30 second ad, which uses Trumps own words against him. The event featured a 16-foot parachute banner with Trump’s photo and the phrase, “Time to show the love.” There was also a digital countdown clock to March 5, Trump’s self-imposed DACA deadline.

“Trump created the crisis that we face, set the deadline of March 5 to fix it, and then mobilized to block the Dream Act and three bipartisan proposals. Since Trump killed DACA, immigrant youth have been losing our protections from his agents every day. Instead of becoming citizens of the country that is our home we are being hunted. This needs to stop and the man who can stop it is Donald Trump,” said Greisa Martinez Rosas, advocacy director of United We Dream and potential Dream Act beneficiary.

The 30 second ad is available here:
https://youtu.be/lG9xEEdEh58

The Spanish version is online here:
https://youtu.be/VBu96BVqDxQ

STAY INFORMED


ICE LIES, Immigrant Justice Report

https://www.immigrantjustice.org/sites/default/files/content-type/research-item/documents/2018-02/IceLies_DWN_NIJC_Feb2018.pdf